Coca
Coca is a cool-temperate shrub that grows best in the 17–23°C range with 1000–2100 mm of rain, cropping over a 150–180-day season.
How it grows
Coca grows on a woody shrub, its fruit held above the ground.
Where Earth's climate suits coca
Climatic suitability only — scored for every 0.5° of the planet from this crop's temperature and rainfall tolerances (FAO EcoCrop) on AgroClim 1991–2025 normals (AgERA5 temperature, CHIRPS/ERA5 rainfall). It shows where the rain-fed climate permits the crop, not where it is grown today; irrigation lets many crops thrive in drier country than the map suggests (California, Egypt, the Indus and Nile).
Who grows it — and where the climate merely allows it
Climate envelope · FAO EcoCrop
Deep bar = optimal range; pale bar = absolute tolerance. Beyond the pale bar the crop fails. Latitude tolerance ±40° · soil pH 4.3–8.
Growing calendar & hazards
An annual cycle of roughly 150–180 days from sowing to harvest, so it is timed to fall within the frost-free, adequately-wet part of the year for the location.
- Cold & frost. A frost-sensitive crop: temperatures near or below freezing damage or kill it, so it is confined to frost-free seasons and warm climates.
- Heat. A cool-season crop that bolts or fails in summer heat; best grown in the shoulder seasons or at altitude.